Grounding and Enhancing Informativeness and Utility in Dataset Distillation

Wang, Yantai Yang, Guo Chen, Peiru Li, Kaixin Li, Yufa Zhou, Zhaorun Chen, Linfeng Zhang

Grounding and Enhancing Informativeness and Utility in Dataset Distillation: 21 upvotes on Hugging Face Daily Papers, #15 of 47 papers on 2026-02-06. Day-by-day upvote history.

Dataset Distillation (DD) seeks to create a compact dataset from a large, real-world dataset. While recent methods often rely on heuristic approaches to balance efficiency and quality, the fundamental relationship between original and synthetic data remains underexplored. This paper revisits knowledge distillation-based dataset distillation within a solid theoretical framework. We introduce the concepts of Informativeness and Utility, capturing crucial information within a sample and essential samples in the training set, respectively. Building on these principles, we define optimal dataset distillation mathematically. We then present InfoUtil, a framework that balances informativeness and utility in synthesizing the distilled dataset. InfoUtil incorporates two key components: (1) game-theoretic informativeness maximization using Shapley Value attribution to extract key information from samples, and (2) principled utility maximization by selecting globally influential samples based on Gradient Norm. These components ensure that the distilled dataset is both informative and utility-optimized. Experiments demonstrate that our method achieves a 6.1\% performance improvement over the previous state-of-the-art approach on ImageNet-1K dataset using ResNet-18.

Paper page on Hugging Face · arXiv

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